In the article, based on the material of the Mari, Mordovian and Chuvash Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republics,the historical experience of the implementation of the country’sadministrative and economic transformations that took place in the second half of the 1950s and early 1960sis studied. The issueof the formation of Councils of National Economy (CNE) on the territory of individual economic regions is investigated. Based on archival sources, the powers and structure of the CNEare defined. In their daily activities, the economic councils relied on technical and economic councils that were associated with a wide rangeof people, public organizations, scientific institutions, and regional Sovietgoverningbodies. Throughout the years of existence and activity of economic councils in the autonomies of the Middle Volga region, which were slowly moving from the category of agricultural to industrial republics, there were acute issues of providing sectors of the national economy, primarily industry, transport and construction, with certified engineeringand technical personnel, production specialists. Of course, to implement the tasks assigned to the CNE, professional, highly qualified engineering and technical personnel were needed. It is no coincidence that the personnel problem has become one of the mainproblems faced by the newly created economic councils. In order to provide the republics with professionalpersonnel, capable of organizing production processes, specialists from Moscow were approved for key leadership positions in the councilsof national economy. In 1962, the enlargement of the economic councils took place, during which their number sharply decreased, and they themselves began to include the industry of several administrative regions. Thus, in accordance with the decree of the Council of Ministers of the RSFSR of December 16, 1962, an enlarged Volgo-Vyatka Council of National Economy was created in February 1963, as a result of which the Mari, Mordovian and Chuvash economic councils were liquidated with the transfer of their subor-dinate enterprises to the new CNE. Despite all the difficulties, the economic councils over the years of their operation have done a very important and significant job of training senior and middle managers, improvingthe education and qualifications of engineering and technical workers.